Midstream
Medium‑term priorities:
- increase existing capacity utilisation by making KMG’s oil transportation systems more attractive and competitive;
- develop additional export routes;
- improve operating cost control.
The two oil transportation modes at KMG are trunklines and the marine fleet.
| Indicator | Trunkline transportation | Marine fleet transportation | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Management company | KazTransOil | Kazakhstan–China Pipeline | MunaiTas | Caspian Pipeline Consortium | Kazmortransflot |
| Interest, % | KMG: 90% | KazTransOil: 50% | KazTransOil: 51% | KMG: 20.75% | KMG: 100% |
| Key destinations | Exports to Europe and China, domestic market | Exports to China, domestic market | Exports to China, domestic market | Exports to Europe | Exports to Europe |
| Key routes |
| Atasu–Alashankou, Kenkiyak–Kumkol | Kenkiyak–Atyrau | Tengiz–Novorossiysk | Black SeaMediterranean SeaCaspian Sea |
| Total length, km | 5,373 | 1,759 | 449 | 1,510 | n/a |
| Capacity, mln tonnes p.a. | 17.5 5.2 | 20 | 6 | 81.5 | n/a |
Trunkline oil transportation
Kazakhstan’s pipeline infrastructure is owned by KazTransOil – the national oil pipeline operator, its two joint ventures (Kazakhstan–China Pipeline and MunaiTas North‑West Pipeline Company), and Caspian Pipeline Consortium. The existing pipeline infrastructure in Kazakhstan has adequate potential to support increased oil transportation volumes from promising projects.
| Company | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| KazTransOil (100%) | 40,656 | 44,188 | 44,887 |
| 12,762 | 16,618 | 17,253 |
| 9,989 | 10,143 | 10,214 |
| 17,905 | 17,426 | 17,420 |
| Kazakhstan–China Pipeline (100%) | 19,236 | 18,806 | 18,789 |
| 1,290 | 1,209 | 1,200 |
| 9,980 | 9,979 | 9,979 |
| 7,966 | 7,618 | 7,610 |
| MunaiTas (100%) | 5,606 | 5,527 | 5,791 |
| 1,188 | 1,114 | 1,171 |
| 4,418 | 4,413 | 4,620 |
| Caspian Pipeline Consortium (100%), export | 58,711 | 63,474 | 63,007 |
In 2024, trunkline oil transportation was up by 1.0% to 70,309 thous. tonnes. This growth can be attributed to the transshipment of oil from the Kashagan and Karachaganak fields to the Atyrau–Samara and Caspian Pipeline Consortium pipelines through KazTransOil’s network, as well as higher domestic transportation to Kazakh refineries.
| Company | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| KazTransOil (100%) | 40,656 | 44,188 | 44,887 |
| Kazakhstan–China Pipeline (50%) | 9,618 | 9,403 | 9,394 |
| MunaiTas (51%) | 2,859 | 2,819 | 2,953 |
| Caspian Pipeline Consortium (20.75%) | 12,183 | 13,171 | 13,074 |
| Total | 65,316 | 69,581 | 70,309 |
KMG’s oil pipeline network
Oil transportation turnover net to KMG grew by 1.5% to 62,111 thous. tonnes driven by an increase in domestic oil transportation to refineries and transit of Russian oil on its way to Uzbekistan.
| Company | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| KazTransOil (100%) | 34,261 | 34,208 | 35,526 |
| Kazakhstan–China Pipeline (100%) | 17,314 | 16,872 | 16,858 |
| MunaiTas (100%) | 2,265 | 2,236 | 2,395 |
| Caspian Pipeline Consortium (100%) | 78,154 | 83,959 | 81,615 |
| Company | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| KazTransOil (100%) | 34,261 | 34,208 | 35,526 |
| Kazakhstan–China Pipeline (50%) | 8,657 | 8,436 | 8,429 |
| MunaiTas (51%) | 1,155 | 1,141 | 1,221 |
| Caspian Pipeline Consortium (20.75%) | 16,217 | 17,422 | 16,935 |
| Total | 60,290 | 61,206 | 62,111 |
The tariffs for crude oil transportation to Kazakhstan’s domestic market are regulated by the government.
| Company | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| KazTransOil | 4,356 | 4,602 | 4,742 |
| Kazakhstan–China Pipeline | 4,359 | 4,359 | 4,839 |
| MunaiTas | 5,912 | 5,912 | 5,912 |
According to Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 204‑VI on Natural Monopolies dated 27 December 2018, oil transportation services to support transit via the Republic of Kazakhstan and exports outside the Republic of Kazakhstan are beyond the scope of natural monopolies.
| Company | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| KazTransOil, KZT per tonne per 1,000 km | 8,831 | 9,490 | 10,150 |
| Kazakhstan–China Pipeline, KZT per tonne per 1,000 km | 6,799 | 6,799 | 6,799 |
| MunaiTas, KZT per tonne per 1,000 km | 5,912 | 5,912 | 5,912 |
| Caspian Pipeline Consortium, USD per tonne | 36 | 36 | 36 |
| Company | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| KazTransOil | 4.23 | 4.23 | 4.23 |
| Kazakhstan–China Pipeline | 10.77 | 10.77 | 10.77 |
Key projects in 2024
Agreement with SOCAR
In 2024, the Company signed an agreement with SOCAR, providing for a phased increase in oil transit through Azerbaijan to 60 thous. tonnes per month. The first oil shipment of up to 20 thous. tonnes is scheduled for early 2025. The agreement on the gradual increase in the transit of Kazakhstan’s oil through Azerbaijan envisions boosting shipments along the Aktau–Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan route to 2.2 mln tonnes per year.
Lower tariffs for oil transportation by rail
In partnership with NC Kazakhstan Temir Zholy and government agencies, we managed to reduce tariffs for oil transportation by rail on Kazakhstan’s section of the route. This decision was taken to enhance the competitiveness of the Aktau–Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan transit corridor.
Oil transit through the Port of Aktau
In 2024, oil transportation via the Aktau–Baku–Ceyhan route increased by 34% year‑on‑year to 1.419 mln tonnes.
Marine transportation
Kazakhstan’s key marine transportation operator is National Maritime Shipping Company Kazmortransflot (KMTF), a subsidiary of KMG engaged in the shipment of oil, oil products and cargoes across the Caspian Sea and via international routes. The company runs a fleet of modern vessels, including tankers and tugboats, and provides logistics, freight and port services. KMTF is actively ramping up its capacities and introducing cutting‑edge technologies along with state‑of‑the‑art environmental standards. As a strategic player in the Trans‑Caspian routes, the company plays a crucial role in ensuring export deliveries and developing the maritime logistics of Kazakhstan.
In 2024, oil transportation by sea increased by 22.2% to 13,169 thous. tonnes. This growth was driven by higher volumes of oil transportation in the Mediterranean Sea due to rising shipments from the Port of Ceyhan and more volumes transported via the Aktau–Makhachkala and Aktau–Baku routes in the Caspian Sea.
| Sea | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Black | 3,457 | 3,605 | 3,370 |
| Mediterranean | 5,276 | 6,440 | 7,716 |
| Caspian | 610 | 733 | 2,083 |
| Total | 9,343 | 10,778 | 13,169 |
Cooperation with AD Ports Group
The company is actively developing maritime routes in the Caspian, Black and Mediterranean Seas. As part of a partnership with AD Ports Group, KMTF acquired two tankers, Taraz and Liwa, which transported 874 thous. tonnes of oil along the Aktau–Makhachkala route in 2024. Additionally, the company joined forces with Azerbaijan Caspian Shipping Company (ASCO) to ship oil along the Aktau–Baku route. The vessels of AD Ports Group transported a total of 2.4 mln tonnes of oil in open seas.
As part of the partnership with AD Ports Group, efforts are being made to build up a fleet of ferries and container vessels for the Trans‑Caspian International Transport Route.
- Exploring opportunities for the development of the Trans‑Caspian International Transport Route:
- Completing the acquisition of two Aframax tankers with a deadweight of 115 thous. tonnes
- Developing a project for the construction of three tankers for the Caspian Sea and multifunctional ferries
- Cooperating with AD Ports Group:
- Expanding the tanker fleet and initiating the construction of container vessels with a capacity of over 500 TEUs.
